Certain verbs in English are always followed by gerunds and never by infinitives. A gerund is a noun derived from a verb and ending in "ing".

Note that the pronoun it is often used in English as an impersonal subject or "filler" in expressions concerning weather, time, distance, etc.

A Tag ending is an abbreviated form of question which may be added to the end of any English sentence. It may be used, with varying intonation, to ask a question or simply to invite confirmation for some fact already known by speaker.

An important idiomatic verb phrases is to be supposed to. This phrases is commonly used and fills a necessary place in English speech. In meaning, it is similar to to be expected to, and generally expresses an obligation to fulfill some promise or expectation. Note that the phrase is passive in form; therefore, the obligation arises because the subject is expected or "supposed" by someone else to perform the indicated action. It is used in the present and past tenses only.

The passive voice, is often used in English, is formed as follows:

The verb to be is used as an auxiliary verb, and to this auxiliary there is added the past participle of the main verb (seen, written, delivered, etc.).

While the definite article in English remains constant at all times, the indefinite article a changes to an before any word beginning with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) or a vowel sound. Examples: